Установка Wine Linux Mint
Wine — это программа с открытым исходным кодом, которая позволяет запускать Windows-приложения, в том числе и игры в среде Linux и MacOS. Можно сказать, что это слой совместимости между операционной системой и Windows-программами. Вызовы процедур из библиотек Windows подменяются на системные вызовы Linux и с помощью этого появляется возможность запускать Windows-программы в Linux.
В этой статье мы рассмотрим как выполняется установка Wine Linux Mint 20, а также установка Winetricks (вспомогательный скрипт для загрузки и установки различных распространяемых библиотек, необходимых для запуска некоторых программ в Wine) и настройка программы.
Установка Wine в Linux Mint 20.2
За последнее время Wine очень сильно продвинулся в плане запуска игр. Благодаря библиотеке DXVK уже можно запускать и играть во многие игры для Windows без потери производительности.
Подробная установка Wine на разные ОС описана на официальном сайте. На сайте в разделе установки необходимо в качестве дистрибутива выбрать Ubuntu, так как Linux Mint основан на Ubuntu.
Сначала для 64 битных систем необходимо добавить поддержку архитектуры i386. Для этого необходимо выполнить команду:
sudo dpkg —add -architecture i386
Далее необходимо добавить официальный ключ для репозитория Wine:
wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
sudo apt-key add winehq.key
Подключаем официальный репозиторий:
sudo add-apt-repository ‘deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ focal main’
Далее необходимо обновить индексы пакетов:
sudo apt update
Далее необходимо выбрать, какой релиз (стабильный или тестовый) необходимо установить. Для установки стабильного релиза необходимо выполнить команду:
sudo apt install —install-recommends winehq-stable
Для установки тестовой сборки необходимо выполнить команду:
sudo apt install —install-recommends winehq-devel
В качестве примера была выбрана стабильная версия:
Установка Wine в Linux Mint 20.2 завершена. В следующем разделе будет рассмотрена установка Winetricks.
Установка Winetricks в Linux Mint 20
Скачиваем пакет Winetricks:
Делаем скачиваемый файл исполняемым:
sudo chmod +x winetricks
Для удобства переместим Winetricks в директорию /usr/bin:
sudo mv -v winetricks /usr/bin
Теперь Winetricks можно запустить, просто выполнив в терминале команду:
При первом запуске программа сообщит что в системе отсутствует пакет wine-monoнеобходимый для запуска .NETприложений. Для установки пакета нажмите на Install.
Настройка Wine в Linux Mint 20.2
Для начала необходимо установить пакет cabextract. Данный пакет позволяет работать с типами файлов .cab. Формат используется в ОС семейства Windows и используется в различных технологиях установщиков Microsoft. Для установки выполните команду:
sudo apt -y install cabextract
Далее необходимо указать использование 32-битного префикса. Для этого в терминале необходимо выполнить команду:
Для настройки Wine необходимо выполнить команду winecfg с правами root:
При первом запуске программа сообщит что в системе отсутствует пакет wine-mono необходимый для запуска .NET приложений. Для установки пакета нажмите на Install. Дождитесь установки.
В открывшемся окне в поле Windows Version необходимо указать желаемую версию Windows. Рекомендуется использовать Windows 7 или Windows 10. Нажмите на OK. Далее запустите Winetricks при помощи команды:
В появившемся окне выберите пункт Select the default wineprefix и нажмите ОK:
Далее выберите пункт Install a font:
Необходимо выбрать пункт allfonts и нажать на ОК. Данная опция установит сразу все шрифты. Если в процессе установки шрифтов будут ошибки, тогда необходимо установить шрифты по одному или выбрать необходимые.
После завершения установки шрифтов откройте Winetricks еще раз и выберите пункт Install a Windows DLL or component для установки программ и библиотек. В открывшемся окне появится список всех доступных программ для установки. Рекомендуется сразу установить DirectX и .NET Framework. Отметьте галочками необходимые программы и нажмите на OK. Дождитесь установки программ.
Для запуска установленных программ необходимо ввести в терминале команду wine и имя установленной программы. Например, для запуска программы cmd (командная строка Windows) необходимо выполнить команду:
Для выхода необходимо ввести команду exit.
Выводы
В этой статье была рассмотрена установка Wine в Linux Mint 20.02. Если у вас остались вопросы, спрашивайте в комментариях!
2 Ways to Install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1 (Terminal and GUI)
This tutorial is going to show you how to install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1 Tessa. Wine (which stands for Wine Is Not an Emulator) is a free and open-source compatibility layer that aims to run Windows programs on Linux and Unix platforms.
Install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1 From the Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Open software manager from the Mint menu.
Search wine in the software repository and select wine-stable.
Click the Install button to install wine on your system.
If the installer tells you that additional software are going to be installed, click the continue button. Then enter your password.
Wine will be installed in /opt/wine-stable/ directory. After the installation is complete, we need to add /opt/wine-stable/bin/ to the user PATH. Run the following command to open the .profile file. Nano is a command line text editor. The
(tilde) represents your home directory.
Press Ctrl+W , then Ctrl+V to move the cursor to the bottom. Add the following line at the end of the file.
To save the file, press Ctrl+O , then press Enter to confirm. To exit the file, press Ctrl+X . After that, log out and log back in for changes in .profile to take effect.
Install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1 in Terminal
Open up a terminal window by pressing the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T , or by clicking the terminal icon in the tool bar.
Then run the following command to check if you have a 32 bit or 64 bit system.
If your system is 32 bit, you will see
If your system is 64 bit, you will see
If your system is 64 bit, enable 32 bit architecture with the following command.
Next, run the following command to download the public key for the Wine repository.
And import this key to the system keyring.
Then, issue the following command to add Wine repository.
Update package repository cache and install Wine stable version.
Things to Do After Installing Wine
Before you download any Windows .exe file and use Wine to install Windows program, you need to run the Wine configuration program by issuing the following command in the terminal.
It will create a .wine directory, also known as wine prefix or wine bottle, under you home directory. The virtual C drive will be created in this directory. Also this command will help you install Wine mono and Wine gecko package.
After Wine Mono and Wine Gecko are installed, you can close the Wine configuration window.
Basic Steps of Installing Windows Programs on Linux with Wine
To install a Windows program on Linux with Wine, first you need to download the .exe installer file to your hard drive. Then open your file manager, right-click on that file and select Open with Wine Windows Program Loader in the context menu. After that, follow the install instructions.
If you can’t see this option in the context menu, you can open up a terminal window, use the cd command go to the directory that contains the .exe file and run the following command. Replace program-name with the real program name.
Conclusion
I hope this article helped you install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1. As always, if you found this post useful, then subscribe to our free newsletter to get new tips and tricks ��
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29 Responses to “2 Ways to Install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1 (Terminal and GUI)”
I am grateful for the information posted on: 2 Ways to Install Wine on Linux Mint 19.1 (Terminal and GUI), I followed the instructions but I guess I did something wrong because Wine never got installed with either method, so I uninstalled it using the Software Manger (since I had installed with it).
I don’t mind not being able to install it, I think I can carry on without Wine, but every time start the laptop after booting I get a message that says: “Error found when loading home/carolina/.profile: line 33: Ctrl+O: command not found. As a result the session will not be configured correctly. You should fix the problem as soon as feasible.”
I think I created the problem when I was following the instructions “After the installation is complete, we need to add /opt/wine-stable/bin/ to the user PATH…”
Can you please help me, by telling me how to fix the problem (that line 33 thing), so I can get my system working as before I tried the installation of Wine?
PS: I have a 32bit dell laptop with Linux Mint 19.1, linux kernel 4.15.0-51-generic
My intention is not to have this message posted for the public, but I didn’t find an email to write to, so my intention is for the administrator to read this.
Thank you.
Hi, you have this problem because you didn’t edit the
/.profile file correctly. If you don’t know how to use the nano command line text editor, you can use the xed graphical text editor instead. Run the following command to edit the file in xed.
The end of the file should look like below.
If you find any extra characters below these lines, delete them. Then save and close the file. This will restore the original content in the file.
Problem solved, thank you for your help. Now the path corresponds to my profile.
9-10-2019
Wow! You made it easy!!
I now able to load a few window games and office 2000….
Linux is the bomb
Thank you
Doug
Hello, what is the difference between “wine-stable” and “winehq-stable”?
I had problems installing Wine this way. I found that you have to install the “Wine-Installer” just above and it will install the wine stable and the rest. When you use it the fist time it will configure itself and will prompt to install the Mono installer and two times the Gecko installer. After that all is OK. I installer it that way on three different computers.
I can concur that installing the “wine-installer” is much easier. I installed it. Then, I double clicked a Windows executable. Three clicks later and under of a couple of minutes and the program ran. I am running Linux Mint 19.1.
Thanks! Very helpful!
Thank you very much! Greetings from Mexico! ��
Terminal installation worked great on Linux Mint 19.2 for me, thank you so much!
Hi!
I tried following the steps using the terminal to install wine, but when I get to
sudo apt update
I get the following error
Reading package lists… Done
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/apt/lists/lock – open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/
And if i try to run
sudo apt install –install-recommends winehq-stable
I get the same error
That file does exist in my pc, so i dont know if i should do something manually to it, besides running the commands. What could I do to fix that?
Thanks in advanced!
Gis
means that the OS is performing package upgrade in the background. You simply need to wait several minutes for it to finish.
After that, you can use apt package manager to install software.
getting this error.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
winehq-stable : Depends: wine-stable (= 4.0.3
disco)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
Ya i am having the same problem someone please help!
Hello,
thanks for the *very* clear instructions, but I could not solve a problem:
$ sudo apt install –install-recommends winehq-stable
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
winehq-stable : Depends: wine-stable (= 4.0.3
bionic)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
** so I copy pasted and sudo apt the missing app…**
$ sudo apt install wine-stable
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
****
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
wine-stable : Depends: wine-stable-amd64 (= 4.0.3
bionic) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: wine-stable-i386 (= 4.0.3
bionic)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
****
**
I don’t want to go down the rabbit hole, I don’t know what I am doing, maybe you know what I should do?
**
BTW. I’m running Linux Mint 19.3, cinnamon version 4.4.5
Thanks a lot for the perfect instruction, even if it didn’t work.
I installed WINE via the package manager, including the additional files it requested. WINE did not show up in the start menu, and when I open a terminal and type “wine” plus [enter] I get this error:
—
Command ‘wine’ not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install wine-development
sudo apt install wine-stable
—
./profile file already has this at the end:
—
# set PATH so it includes user’s private bin if it exists
if [ -d “$HOME/bin” ] ; then
PATH=”$HOME/bin:$PATH”
fi
—
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